Traditional Chinese Medicine Treats Chronic Atrophic Gastritis via Multiple Pathways / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo mine the compatibility rules of patented traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound prescriptions for treating chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) by systems pharmacology and molecular docking methods, and predict the targets and molecular mechanisms of Chinese medicinals with different efficacy in the treatment of CAG. MethodThe TCM compound prescriptions for treating CAG were extracted from the patent system of the China National Intellectual Property Administration. The active components and targets of the prescriptions were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrative Database (TCMID), and UniProt. The candidate targets and pathways of CAG were obtained from GeneCards, DisGeNet, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), MalaCards, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Reactome. The gene ontology (GO) functional annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment were realized by R Studio 4.1.2. STRING11.0 was employed to build the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and AutoDock Vina 4.2.6 was used for the docking between key targets and components. ResultA total of 228 TCM compound prescriptions for treating CAG were extracted. The medicinals used in these prescriptions mainly had warm or cold nature, bitter or sweet taste, tropism to the spleen, stomach, and liver meridians, and the efficacy of tonifying Qi, regulating Qi movement, clearing heat, and activating and toniying blood. The prescriptions mainly treated CAG via p53, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), forkhead box protein O (FoxO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathways. Molecular docking results confirmed that the active components in the prescriptions had docking activities with key receptor proteins. ConclusionThis study preliminarily analyzed the compatibility rules of TCM compound prescriptions in the treatment of CAG. The medicinals with different efficacy treat CAG by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress response, preventing carcinogen production, promoting gastric acid secretion, and improving local microcirculation in a multi-target, multi-pathway, multi-link manner. The findings facilitate the research on the TCM treatment of CAG.

The mechanism of modified Gan Cao Fu Zi Decoction in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis based on network pharmacology and experimental validation / 药学学报

We used network pharmacology to predict the mechanism in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) via modified Gan Cao Fu Zi Decoction (GCFZ), and validated the results of the analysis and explored the pharmacodynamic effects of GCFZ through animal experiments. Firstly, TCMID, SymMap, HERB, STITCH and GEO databases were utilized to obtain the target genes of GCFZ for the treatment of RA, which yielded a total of 1 250 differentially expressed genes for RA, 534 genes for GCFZ targets and 83 intersecting genes. Then functional enrichment analysis of the intersecting genes was performed through GO and KEGG databases, and the results revealed that GCFZ and its active ingredients mainly functioned through cytokine pathways, where chemokine signaling pathway and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway were enriched with a high number of genes. Cytoscape 3.8.0 software was used to construct the drug-target-disease network and screen key proteins, which included TNF, C-X-C chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), C-X-C chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), C-C chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), C-X-C chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2) and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4). The molecular docking technology was used to confirm the binding ability of the main active ingredients of GCFZ to the core proteins. Additionally, the therapeutic effects of GCFZ in low (4 g·kg-1), medium (8 g·kg-1) and high (16 g·kg-1) dose groups were investigated by constructing the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model. X-ray imaging approach, HE staining and Safranin O-Fast Green staining showed that GCFZ treatment significantly improved bone destruction, synovial hyperplasia and cartilage damage in CIA rats, while immunofluorescence results showed that GCFZ treatment could regulate the expression of TNF, CXCL8 and CCL5. In summary, our results indicate that GCFZ contains a variety of small molecule pharmacodynamic substances, which can exert therapeutic effects via multiple targets and pathways, and obviously reduce the symptoms of arthritis in CIA rats. This animal experiment of our research was approved by the Experimental Animal Management and Ethics Committee of Bengbu Medical College.

Evolutionary Law of Syndrome and Syndrome Elements during the Malignant Transformation of Chronic Hepatitis B / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo clarify the evolutionary laws of syndromes and syndrome elements at different stages during the malignant transformation of chronic hepatitis B （CHB）. MethodsA total of 671 patients with hepatitis B virus infection， who were admitted to the outpatient and inpatient departments of Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from July 1st， 2020 to June 30th， 2021， were included， involving 120 cases of CHB， 340 cases of hepatitis B liver cirrhosis （HBLC）， 64 cases of precancerous lesions with hepatitis B liver cirrhosis （PLHC）， and 147 cases of hepatitis B liver cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. A Survey form of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome during malignant transformation of chronic hepatitis B was designed， and the general information， auxiliary examination and the four examinations results were collected. Factor analysis and K-means clustering were used to determine and statistically analyze the syndrome and syndrome elements. ResultsFive traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome types were identified in CHB patients， while there were six TCM syndrome types in HBLC， PLHC and HCC stages. Among CHB patients， the main syndromes were liver constraint and spleen deficiency （53.33%） and liver-gallbladder damp-heat （21.67%）， and the dominant syndrome elements were qi stagnation （27.60%）， heat （17.71%） and qi deficiency （17.71%）. In the HBLC stage， the syndromes were mainly blood stasis obstructing the collaterals （23.83%） and liver constraint and spleen deficiency （22.35%）， with dominant syndrome elements being blood stasis （19.25%）， dampness （17.46%）， and qi deficiency （15.01%）. For the PLHC stage， the primary syndrome types were blood stasis obstructing the collaterals （29.68%） and liver-kidney yin deficiency （20.31%）， and the leading syndrome elements were blood stasis （22.12%）， yin deficiency （15.93%）， and qi deficiency （15.04%）. In the HCC stage， the syndrome was dominated by blood stasis obstructing the collaterals （33.34%） and liver-kidney yin deficiency （19.73%）， with the main syndrome elements being blood stasis （24.52%）， yin deficiency （16.09%）， and qi deficiency （15.33%）. During the progression of CHB to malignancy， there was a gradual decrease in excess syndromes including liver-gallbladder damp-heat and water-dampness internal obstruction from 21.67% to 19.04%. In contrast， deficiency syndromes including liver-kidney yin deficiency and spleen-kidney yang deficiency increased from 15.83% to 31.97%. Additionally， excess syndrome elements including qi stagnation， heat and dampness decreased from 59.89% to 34.48%， while deficiency syndrome elements including qi deficiency， yin deficiency and yang deficiency increased from 32.30% to 41.00%. ConclusionDuring the malignant transformation of CHB， there exists a progression of syndrome and syndrome elements， shifting from qi stagnation， heat and qi deficiency to blood stasis （predominantly excess）， dampness and qi deficiency， and then to blood stasis （predominantly deficiency）， yin deficiency and qi deficiency， characterized by “deficiency-excess complex， and shift from excess to deficiency”.

Bioinformatics screening and analysis of key differentially expressed genes characteristics in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To screen and analyze the key differentially expressed genes characteristics in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with bioinformatics method. Methods: NAFLD-related expression matrix GSE89632 was downloaded from the GEO database. Limma package was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in healthy, steatosis (SS), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) samples. WGCNA was used to analyze the output gene module. The intersection of module genes and differential genes was used to determine the differential genes characteristic, and then GO function and KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analysis were performed. The protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed using the online website STRING and Cytoscape software, and the key (Hub) genes were screened. Finally, R software was used to analyze the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of the Hub gene. Results: 92 differentially expressed genes characteristic were obtained through screening, which were mainly enriched in inflammatory response-related functions of "lipopolysaccharide response and molecular response of bacterial origin", as well as cancer signaling pathways of "proteoglycan in cancer" and "T-cell leukemia virus infection-related". 10 hub genes (FOS, CXCL8, SERPINE1, CYR61, THBS1, FOSL1, CCL2, MYC, SOCS3 and ATF3) had good diagnostic value. Conclusion: The differentially expressed hub genes among the 10 NAFLD disease-related characteristics obtained with bioinformatics analysis may become a diagnostic and prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target for NAFLD. However, further basic and clinical studies are needed to validate.

Functional characterization of SLC12A1 gene variants in 3 patients with Bartter syndrome type Ⅰ / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To clarify the molecular basis of patients with Bartter syndrome type I and explore the therapeutic effect of trafficking-defective variations by chemical chaperone 4-Phenylbutyric acid(4-PBA). Methods: The clinical characteristics, laboratory findings and genetic data of 3 patients diagnosed with Bartter syndrome type I who were admitted to Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2017 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Wild type and variant SLC12A1 gene constructs were transiently overexpressed in HEK293 cells. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of Na+-K+-2Cl-cotransporter(NKCC2) protein. Immunofluorescent staining was applied to investigate the subcellular localization of NKCC2 protein. In addition, the effect of the chemical chaperone 4-PBA on the expression and localization of the SLC12A1 gene variants was investigated. Unpaired t test was used for statistical analysis of 4-PBA treatment. Results: All the 3 patients (2 males and 1 female), aged 3.0, 4.0 and 1.2 years, respectively. All patients had antenatal onset with polyhydramnios and were born prematurely. After birth, all patients presented with hypochlorine alkalosis accompanied by hypokalemia and hyponatremia. Sequencing analysis revealed that the 3 patients were homozygotes or compound heterozygotes for variants in the SLC12A1 gene. In HEK293 cells, the surface expression of NKCC2 in 3 variants (p.L463S, p.L479V, p.507-510del) are all lower than in wild type (0.718±0.039, 0.287±0.081, 0.025±0.156 vs. 1.001±0.028, t=5.92, 8.35, 30.49, all P<0.01). Moreover, the total protein expression of p.L479V and p.507-510del group were all lower than that in wild type group (0.630±0.032, 0.043±0.003 vs. 1.000±0.111, t=3.21, 8.65, all P<0.05). 4-PBA treatment increased the mature protein expression level of the p.L463S and p. L479V group in 4-PBA treatment group are all higher than the untreated group (0.459±0.018 vs. 1.123±0.024, 0.053±0.012 vs. 1.256±0.037, t=2.75, 18.35, all P<0.05). Cytoplasmic retention of the L479V and 507-510del variants were observed by immunofluorescent staining. 4-PBA treatment could rescue a number of NKCC2 L479V variants to the membrane. Conclusions: The 3 SLC12A1 variants cause expression or subcellular localization defects of the protein. The findings that plasma membrane expression and activity can be rescued by 4PBA might help to develop novel therapeutic strategy for Bartter syndrome type Ⅰ.

Status and related factors of fall among the elderly in community and hospital / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To investigate the related factors of fall among community-dwelling and hospitalized elderly.Methods From May to September, 2021, 50 elderly from Tianshenggang Community Health Service Center of Medical Union of Nantong University Affiliated Hospital and 50 elderly in the first ward of Geriatrics Department of Nantong University Affiliated Hospital were selected by random systematic sampling method. Face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted respectively. All the participants underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment and blood, neuromusculoskeletal B-ultrasound tests. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the status and related factors of falls among community and hospitalized elderly with a history of falls within one year.Results There were significant differences in fall history, the score of Morse Fall Scale (MFS) and hospitalization due to fall history between the hospitalized elderly and the community-dwelling elderly (χ2 > 6.250, Z=-3.132, P<0.05). In addition to fall related factors, age, ability of self-care, the score of International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICI-Q-SF), frailty index (FI), the score of Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) part 2, the score of Short Form of Health Survey (SF-36), the score of Memorial University of Newfoudland Scale of Happiness (MUNSH), waist-to-hip ratio, arm and leg circumferences, red blood cell count, hemoglobin and triglyceride were the related factors of fall in hospitalized elderly (|Z| > 0.462, χ2=7.447, P<0.05). The scores of Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)-15, MFS, FI and SF-36, and grip strength were the related factors of fall in community-dwelling elderly (|Z| > 1.758, χ2=6.640, P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for falls in hospitalized elderly within one year were age, the score of MFS, FI, arm and leg circumferences, the score of SF-36, hemoglobin and triglyceride. The related factors of falls in community-dwelling elderly included the scores of GDS-15, MFS, FI SF-36 and MUNSH, and grip strength (P<0.05). The scores of SF-36 and MUNSH decreased after fall for elderly in both community and hospital (t=-3.108, Z > 2.567, P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of falls and hospitalization due to falls, and the risk of falls are higher among the hospitalized elderly than that in community, and the related factors are different. Therefore, it is needed to carry out targeted intervention for the corresponding factors to reduce the occurrence of fall.

Effect of daily average temperature on the incidence of allergic rhinitis in Lanzhou / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To evaluate the effect of daily average temperature on the atteck of allergic rhinitis (AR) by analyzing the changes of the outpatient visits of AR in Lanzhou. Methods: The meteorological and air pollution data of Lanzhou City and the outpatient visits of AR in Departments of Otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery of The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University and Gansu Provincial People's Hospital from 2013 to 2017 were collected to describe the meteorological factors, air pollutants and the outpatient visits of AR. The correlation among the three factors was then analyzed by Spearman rank correlation analysis. Using the distributed lag non-linear model, the relationship between daily average temperature and the number of daily outpatient visits of AR was studied and stratified by gender and age with the long-term trend, seasonal trend and other confounding factors controlled. Results: From 2013 to 2017, the outpatient visits of AR in the above three hospitals reached 20 008 person times. Daily average temperature in Lanzhou showed a non-linear correlation to the outpatient visits of AR, with a certain lag effect. When the daily average temperature was 22 ℃ and the cumulative lag was 21 days (lag 0-21 d), the relative risk (RR) peaked at 4.851 (95%CI: 3.986-5.904). The effect of relatively low temperature (2.3 ℃, P25), relatively high temperature (19.8 ℃, P75) and high temperature (25.5 ℃, P95) on lag 0-21 d were the highest, which were 1.761 (95%CI: 1.375-2.255), 4.299 (95%CI: 3.574-5.171) and 3.656 (95%CI: 3.046-4.389), respectively. According to the stratified analysis, low and relatively low temperature had more significant effect on the outpatient visits of AR among women and people aged 0-14 years. When lag was 0-21 days, the RR value of low temperature for female outpatient visits of AR was 1.433 (95%CI: 1.105-1.860); the RR value of relatively low temperature for female outpatient visits of AR was 1.879 (95%CI: 1.460-2.419); the RR value of low temperature for AR outpatient visits for people aged 0-14 years was 1.511 (95%CI: 0.999-2.287), the RR value of relatively low temperature for AR outpatient visits for people aged 0-14 years was 2.051 (95%CI: 1.383-3.042). Relatively high temperature, on the other hand, had a more significant effect on men and people aged 15-59 years. High temperature had a greater impact on the number of AR outpatients in men and people aged 0-14 years. Conclusions: Temperature may be an important influencing factor of AR onset in Lanzhou. At relatively high temperature (19.8 ℃), the risk of AR outpatient visits is significantly increased, and the cumulative lagged effects are observed. The sensitivity of AR patients to temperature is different in different genders and ages.

Clinical Efficacy of Modified Shaofu Zhuyutang Combined with Zhengs Rebuzhen Therapy on Pain Caused by Adenomyosis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of modified Shaofu Zhuyutang combined with Zheng's Rebuzhen therapy on pain caused by adenomyosis (cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome) and levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP-1) and prostaglandin. Method:One hundred and twenty-eight patients were randomly divided into control group (63 cases) and observation group (65 cases) by random number table. Patients in control group got desogestrel and ethinylestradiol tablets since the first day of menstruation for consecutive 21 days, 1 granule/time, 1 time/day, and Zheng's Rebuzhen therapy for consecutive 10 days during the menstruation, 1 time/day. In addition to the therapy of control group, patients in observation group were also given Shaofu Zhuyutang, 1 dose/day. A course of treatment was 3 menstrual cycles. Before and after treatment, cox menstrual symptom scale (CMSS) of COX, visual simulation of dysmenorrheal (VAS), chronic pelvic pain, pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) and cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome were scored. And uterine volume and endometrial thickness were evaluated by B-mode ultrasonography. And levels of VEGF, MMP-9, TIMP-1, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α) and cancer antigen were detected. Result:After treatment, the clinical efficacy in observation group was superior to that in control group (Z=2.445, PPP2α and CA125 were lower than those in control group (P2 were higher than those in control group (PConclusion:In addition to desogestrel and ethinylestradiol tablets combined with Zheng's Rebuzhen therapy, modified Shaofu Zhuyutang can relieve pain and hemorrhage and improve the clinical efficacy. The mechanism may be correlated with the regulation of expression levels of VEGF, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and prostaglandin.

Observation of tear film changes after acute conjunctivitis treatment in children / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

·AIM: To investigate tear film changes in children after acute conjunctivitis were treated. ·METHODS:A perspective cohort study was conducted. Sixty-four acute conjunctivitis cases (64 unilateral eyes) from January 2016 to January 2017 were investigated in this study. Other tear film factors which could affect the conditions of dry eye were excluded. The height of tear meniscus, fluorescein staining (FL), tear film break up time (BUT) and Schirmer I test (S I t) were checked and measured on both recovered eye and healthy eye of the patients at 3, 7, 14 and 30d after recovery, respectively. ·RESULTS: The height of tear meniscus was 0.43 ± 0.18mm in healthy eyes, 0.25 ± 0.11mm, 0.23 ± 0.13mm, 0.34 ± 0.26mm in cured eyes at 3, 7 and 14d, all significantly lower than that in healthy eyes(t= -24.364,-24.042, -8.398,P<0.05),but that at 30d(0.44±0.06mm) was not different(t=1.987,P>0.05). FL scored 1.27±0.96 in healthy eyes,those of cured eyes were 2.13±0.75,5.56 ±2.28,4.21±0.91 at 3,7 and 14d,significantly higher than that in healthy eyes (t=6.437, 18.303, 20.386; P<0.05);but that at 30d was 1.81±2.13 without difference (t=1.44, P>0.05). BUT was 13.33 ± 2.75s in healthy eyes, those of cured eyes were 5.46±0.9s,6.34±1.75s,7.72±1.77s at 3,7 and 14d,significantly lower than that in healthy eyes (t=-50.731, -50.522, -38.706; P<0.05); but that at 30d was 12.07±2.23s without difference (t=-1.470,P>0.05). SIT was 14.07±3.84mm/5min in healthy eyes, those of cured eyes were 8.03±1.79,11.28±2.33,12.59±2.56mm/5min at 3,7 and 14d,significantly lower than that in healthy eyes (t=-20.892,-9.104,-6.710;P<0.05);but that at 30d was 13.57 ± 3.46mm/5min without difference (t= -0.969, P>0.05). ·CONCLUSION: The short-term tear film instability and reversible dry eye might be arisen in children after acute conjunctivitis recovery. Considering the drug side effects to the tear film and minimizing the unnecessary use of drugs, however, dry eye can be avoided during the treatment of acute conjunctivitis. At the same time, the artificial tears could function to reduce the occurrence of xerophthalmia.

The Research of Monoclonal Antibody KMP1 Inhibited Bladder Cancer EJ Cell Lines Growth and Metastasis in Vivo / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To research the monoclonal antibody KMP1 inhibited bladder cancer EJ cell lines growth and metastasis in vivo by bioluminescence imaging. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the KMP1 binding to EJ and EJ-GFP cell lines. The xenograft tumor cell growth and distribution were measured by vernier calipers and dynamic in vivo fluorescence imaging. Immunohistochemistry and H&E counterstaining researched the feature of the xenograft tumor. Results Cell growth curves of EJ and EJ-GFP cells were similar. EJ-GFP had a green fluorescence. In EJ-GFP nude mouse tumor model, the addition of KMP1 significantly inhibited tumor growth and extended the average life span of nude mice. Both EJ and EJ-GFP cells can bind to KMP1,and the weight of transplanted tumors in the KMP1 treatment group was significantly lower than that of the mIgG control group (P＜0.001).Conclusion KMP1 has a promising antitumor effect in vivo. It might be valuable for development as a promising targeted agent for bladder cancer.

Roee of long non-coding RNAs maternally imprinted genes 3 in human villi development / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To study the effect of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) maternally imprinted genes 3 (MEG3) on human abortion vilii development and to explore the related molecular mechanisms. Methods We collected the vilii samples from 15 spontaneous abortion (SA) and 15 induced abortion (IA) patients. Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the expressions of apoptosis factor Bax and apoptosis inhibitory factor Bcl-2 in vilii samples. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to analyze the levels of MEG3 of vilii samples. Overexpression of MEG3 in human trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo was identified by qPCR; the invasion ability of HTR-8/SVneo cells was examined by matrigel invasion assay in MEG3 overexpression and control groups. Results Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of Bax in IA group was lower than that in SA group, while the expression of Bcl-2 was higher (P<0.01). The level of MEG3 in IA group was significantly higher than that in SA group (P<0.01). The expression of MEG3 was obviously increased and invasion ability was inhibited in MEG3 overexpressed HTR-8/SVneo cells (P<0.01). Conclusion LncRNAs MEG3 may regulate the apoptosis and invasive ability of bizarre trophoblastic cells and influence on the development of human villi.

Fibromyalgia syndrome after comprehensive treatment of breast cancer: a case report / 浙江大学学报·医学版

Fibromyalgia syndrome after comprehensive treatment of breast cancer is rare and seldom reported. Here we present a case of a 50-year-old female patient,who was admitted to the hospital because of generalized fibromyalgia for 3 months and brain metastasis after the right breast carcinoma surgery for 1 month, and the clinical diagnosis was brain metastasis from breast carcinoma combined with fibromyalgia syndrome. The fibromyalgia were relieved with proper symptomatic treatment but the patient eventually died of tumor progression.

Effects of Celastrol on HepG2 Cells Migration / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objectives To explore a better inhibitory effect of concentration and time of Celastrol on migration of HepG2 cells. Methods HepG2 cells were planted and cultured in 6-well plates. When the adherent cell density reached 70%-80%, cell migration was manufactured by scratch experiment model. Then, cell morphology and cell migration were observed under microscope with different concentrations of Celastrol 5, 1, 0.5, 0.1, 0.01μmol/L and DMSO at 0, 6, 12, 24 h. They were pictured and rates of cell migration and inhibition ratios of all groups were calculated. Results Celastrol inhibited HepG2 cell migration, and its inhibitory effect on the migration velocity was concentration-dependent in a certain range. The higher the concentration of Celastrol, the stronger effect is. Celastrol of the same concentration at different times had different inhibitory effect on cell migrationof HepG2 cells (P<0.05). Celastrol of different concentrations at the same time had different inhibitory effects on cell migration of HepG2 cells (P<0.05);Celastrol of high concentration cause dsevere changes in the cell morphology. Conclusion Celastrol of high concentration causes changes in the cell morphology and cell apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Celastrol inhibits HepG2 cell migration, which is dependent on the concentration and action time. The inhibitory effect of Celastrol on HepG2 cell migration is most obvious under final concentration of 5μmol/L at 6 h.

Research progress in the relationship between childhood wheezing and bacteria / 中国当代儿科杂志

Wheezing is one of the most common clinical manifestations of childhood respiratory diseases, mainly associated with virus infection. Recent years, bacteria colonization and its infection are reported to involve in childhood wheezing, especially in infantile wheezing. However, the bacteria flora in the airway is only a phenomenon or a reason to induce some childhood wheezing, and its roles, as well as the mechanism in the development of wheezing remain unknown. This article summarizes the research progress in the relationship between childhood wheezing and bacteria and in the possible mechanisms of childhood wheezing caused by bacteria.

Triterpenes constituents from male flowers of Eucommia ulmoides / 中国中药杂志

Nine triterpenes compounds were isolated from the male flowers of Eucommia ulmoides by recrystallization and chromatographic techniques over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and RP-18 gel. Their chemical structures were identified on the basis of spectral analysis and as 3-oxo-12-en-ursane-28-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl (1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 2α, 3β-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(28 --> 1) -β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), ursolic acid (3), α-amyrin (4), uvaol (5), ursolic acid acetate (6), 3-O-acetate oleanoic acid (7), betulinic acid (8), and betulinol (9). Compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 2, 4-7 were isolated from the Eucommiu genus for the first time. Cytotoxic activity was tested for all the compounds against K562 and HepG2 cells. The results showed that only compound 3, exhibited cytotoxic activity.

Clinical and immunological features of lupus nephritis in children: retrospective analysis of 40 cases / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical and immunological features of children with lupus nephritis (LN).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chart records of 40 (4 male and 36 female) LN children who were admitted consecutively between January, 2005 and December, 2010 were reviewed. The baseline demographic, pathological and immunological data were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the 40 LN patients analyzed, the mean age of the disease onset was 10.6 ± 2.6 (range from 2.6 to 14.3) years, and 35 cases (88%) were school-age children. Proteinuria was detected in all 40 cases, including nephrotic-range proteinuria in 12 (30%) cases, and isolated proteinuria in 9 (22%) cases. Twenty-six (65%) patients had varying degrees of hematuria. Acute nephritis was the most common sub-type, accounting for 47% of the total cases. Among the 39 cases undergoing renal biopsy, 3 were unclassified and the remaining 36 were classified, respectively, as type IV LN (50%, 18 cases), type II LN (22%, 8 cases). In the histopathologcally classified case, 100% were antinuclear antibody-positive, 61% were anti-dsDNA-positive, and 89% showed varying degrees of decrease in serum C3 and C4 concentrations. Following treatment for 6 months, a high LN remission rate (95%) was achieved; the acute renal activity index remained higher in IV, V+III and V+IV subtypes than in other subtypes, while the chronic index and the degree of tubulointerstitial damage were not different between histopathological subtypes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The clinical manifestations of LN children are diverse. Clinically, acute nephritis is the most common form of LN in children. Histopathologically, type IV is the most frequent subtype of LN. Early treatment may result in significant disease remission.</p>

Expression of zinc finger protein X-linked in childhood B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression of zinc finger protein X-linked (ZFX) in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) of children with B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and its relationship with prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of ZFX in human leukemia cell lines (REH, HL-60, NB(4) and K562) was measured by Western blot. ZFX gene was cloned by PCR from one patient and DNA sequencing technology was used to confirm it. Real-time PCR was used for detecting ZFX mRNA expression in the BMMCs of 82 children with newly-diagnosed B-ALL, 24 children with complete remission (CR) after induction therapy and 64 control children (fracture or congenital heart disease patients). According to the presence of bone marrow or central nervous system relapse during a follow-up of 3 years, the patients were identified as having a good or poor prognosis. Their ZFX mRNA levels in BMMCs at diagnosis were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ZFX protein was expressed in human leukemia cell lines REH, HL-60, NB(4) and K562. ZFX mRNA expression was significantly higher in the newly-diagnosed ALL group than in the control group (P < 0.01). ZFX mRNA expression in the ALL CR group was significantly reduced compared with the newly-diagnosed ALL group (P < 0.01). Children with a poor prognosis had significantly higher ZFX mRNA levels at diagnosis than those with a good prognosis (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ZFX is over-expressed in children with B-ALL and its levels are higher in those with a poor prognosis than those with a good prognosis, which suggests that ZFX is important in the prognosis evaluation of B-ALL.</p>

Effects of electroacupuncture on the expressions of neuroal nitric oxide synthase and astrocyte in dentate gyrus of rats with Parkinson's disease / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the changes in the expression of neuroal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in dentate gyrus (DG) of rats with Parkinson's disease (PD) and effects of electroacupuncture (EA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>On the 7th day of stereotactic injection with 6-hydroxydopamine into right medial forebrain bundle, apomorphine-induced rotation was carried out to select the PD rats. The selected 12 rats were randomly divided into a model group (n = 6) and an EA group (n = 6). Moreover a normal group was established (n = 6). Then, the rats in EA group were treated with EA at "Hegu" (LI 4) and "Taichong" (LR 3), once a day for 21 days, and the other groups without any treatment. After EA treatment, the expressions of nNOS and GFAP in right DG were examined by immunohistochemistry method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of nNOS in the right DG was weak in normal group, and the expression of nNOS in model group was significantly higher than that in normal group (P < 0.01), while in EA group, it was significantly lower than that in model (P < 0.01), with no difference between EA group and normal group (P > 0.05). The expression level of GFAP in model group was significantly higher than that in normal group (P < 0.01), while there was no difference in the number of GFAP positive cells between the above two groups (P > 0.05), and the number of GFAP positive cells in EA group was significantly increased compared with that in model group (P < 0.01), while with no significant difference in the expression level of GFAP between EA group and model group (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EA can reverse the increase of nNOS expression and promote the activation of astrocyte in DG on the injured side in rats with PD.</p>

Establishment and preliminary application of dengue virus envelope domain III IgG antibody capture enzyme-linked immuno-absorbent assay / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a highly sensitive and specific assay to detect dengue virus (DENV) envelope protein domain III (EDIII) IgG antibody, and to explore its value in the diagnosis and seroepidemiological survey of dengue.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The DENV EDIII IgG antibody capture ELISA was developed using the recombinant full-length DENV EDIII, which was prepared by Pichia yeast expression system as the capture antigen. The serum samples were collected from the same group of 35 DENV-1 patients of primary infection during disease period in 2006 and their follow-up phase in 2010; and the sensitivity of the assay was compared to that of the commercial Panbio DENV IgG ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sensitivity of DENV EDIII IgG ELISA in detecting the serum samples from disease period and follow-up phase was 87% (20/23) and 94% (33/35), respectively; whereas the sensitivity of Panbio DENV IgG ELISA was 71% (25/35) and 0, respectively. The sensitivity of DENV EDIII IgG ELISA in detecting the serum samples from both periods was similar, without statistical significance (χ(2) = 0.946, P = 0.331). For serum samples from disease period, the sensitivity of DENV EDIII IgG ELISA was comparable with that of Panbio DENV IgG ELISA (χ(2) = 1.924, P = 0.165). However, DENV EDIII IgG ELISA demonstrated a significantly higher sensitivity than Panbio DENV IgG ELISA in detecting the serum samples from follow-up phase (χ(2) = 62.432, P = 0.000).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DENV EDIII IgG capture ELISA is highly sensitive in detecting IgG in the serum samples from either disease period or follow-up phase. This method might be a promising alternative for diagnosis and seroepidemiologic survey of dengue.</p>

Clinical study of Biqi Capsule combined with methotrexate for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical effects of Biqi Capsule (BQC) combined with methotrexate (MTX) for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to study an effective protocol of RA treated by integrative medicine.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and thirty-eight patients with RA were randomly assigned to Group I (44 cases, treated by BQC), Group II (46 cases, treated by MTX), and Group III (48 cases, treated by BQC combined with MTX). The therapeutic course for each group was 12 weeks. The degree of joint pain, the tender joint number, the tender joint index, the swollen joint number, the swollen joint index, the two-hand grip, the morning stiffness time, and related laboratory indices were observed in each group before and after treatment. The adverse reactions were recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with before treatment, there was statistical difference in the degree of joint pain, the tender joint number, the tender joint index, the swollen joint number, the swollen joint index, the two-hand grip, the morning stiffness time, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and rheumatoid factor (RF) in the 3 groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Besides, better results were obtained in Group III (P < 0.01). As for the inter-group therapeutic efficacy, better results were obtained in Group III (P < 0.01). The gastrointestinal discomfort was the only adverse reaction in the 3 groups. No treatment was given due to its milder symptoms without any effects on the treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>BQC showed favorable effects on treating RA with no obvious adverse reaction. BQC combined with MTX showed better clinical efficacy than use of BQC or MTX alone. It could reduce the adverse reactions of MTX. BQC combined with MTX could reduce the toxic reactions and enhance the therapeutic effects, indicating it was an effective treatment program for RA.</p>